#!/usr/bin/python # encoding: utf-8 import math import numpy import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from pandas import read_csv from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense from keras.layers import LSTM from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error from sklearn.externals import joblib from keras.models import load_model # 如果使用相同的seed()值,则每次生成的随即数都相同; numpy.random.seed(7) def load_data(): # 加载数据 dataframe = read_csv('sp5001.csv', header=0, names=['价格'], usecols=[1], engine='python', skipfooter=3) dataset = dataframe.values # print('dataset=', dataset) # 将整型变为float dataset = dataset.astype('float32') return dataset # X is the number of passengers at a given time (t) and Y is the number of passengers at the next time (t + 1). # look_back 表示 时间的步长为 1; 将数组转化为矩阵 def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=1): dataX, dataY = [], [] for i in range(len(dataset) - look_back - 1): dataX.append(dataset[i:(i + look_back), 0]) dataY.append(dataset[i + look_back, 0]) return numpy.array(dataX), numpy.array(dataY) def splitData(dataset, look_back): # 归一化数据 # 优化点:用源数据/还是用增长的值 scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1)) dataset = scaler.fit_transform(dataset) # 拆分数据集(可任意调整比例) train_size = int(len(dataset) * 0.8) train, test = dataset[0:train_size, :], dataset[train_size:, :] # 转化数据 trainX, trainY = create_dataset(train, look_back) testX, testY = create_dataset(test, look_back) print("dataX=%s \n dataY=%s" % (trainX.T, trainY.T)) # reshape input to be [samples, time steps, features] trainX = numpy.reshape(trainX, (trainX.shape[0], 1, trainX.shape[1])) testX = numpy.reshape(testX, (testX.shape[0], 1, testX.shape[1])) return dataset, scaler, trainX, trainY, testX, testY def getModel(trainX, trainY, look_back): # 创建并拟合 LSTM 网络 model = Sequential() model.add(LSTM(4, input_shape=(1, look_back))) model.add(Dense(1)) model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam') model.fit(trainX, trainY, epochs=100, batch_size=1, verbose=2) return model def trainModel(look_back=1): # 加载数据 dataset = load_data() # 分析数据 # plt.plot(dataset) # plt.show() # 拆分数据机 dataset, scaler, trainX, trainY, testX, testY = splitData(dataset, look_back) joblib.dump(dataset, "dataset.data") joblib.dump(trainX, "trainX.data") joblib.dump(trainY, "trainY.data") joblib.dump(testX, "testX.data") joblib.dump(testY, "testY.data") joblib.dump(testY, "testY.data") joblib.dump(scaler, "scaler.clf") # 获取模型 model = getModel(trainX, trainY, look_back) return model if __name__ == "__main__": # look_back 时间的波动区间(1天/7天/1个月/1年??) look_back = 1 # # 训练模型 # model = trainModel(look_back) # # 保存模型 # model.save('my_model.h5') # del model # 加载模型 model = load_model('my_model.h5') # 加载数据 dataset = joblib.load("dataset.data") trainX = joblib.load("trainX.data") trainY = joblib.load("trainY.data") testX = joblib.load("testX.data") testY = joblib.load("testY.data") scaler = joblib.load("scaler.clf") # make predictions trainPredict = model.predict(trainX) testPredict = model.predict(testX) # invert predictions trainPredict = scaler.inverse_transform(trainPredict) trainY = scaler.inverse_transform([trainY]) testPredict = scaler.inverse_transform(testPredict) testY = scaler.inverse_transform([testY]) # # 模型评估 trainScore = math.sqrt(mean_squared_error(trainY[0], trainPredict[:, 0])) print('Train Score: %.2f RMSE' % (trainScore)) testScore = math.sqrt(mean_squared_error(testY[0], testPredict[:, 0])) print('Test Score: %.2f RMSE' % (testScore)) # shift train predictions for plotting # 1. empty_like 返回一个和 dataset 相似的随机矩阵 # 2. 置空 # 3. 赋值 trainPredictPlot = numpy.empty_like(dataset) trainPredictPlot[:, :] = numpy.nan trainPredictPlot[look_back: len(trainPredict)+look_back, :] = trainPredict # shift test predictions for plotting testPredictPlot = numpy.empty_like(dataset) testPredictPlot[:, :] = numpy.nan testPredictPlot[len(trainPredict)+(look_back*2)+1:len(dataset)-1, :] = testPredict # plot baseline and predictions plt.plot(scaler.inverse_transform(dataset)) plt.plot(trainPredictPlot) plt.plot(testPredictPlot) plt.show()