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      "metadata": {
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      },
      "source": [
        "# Python Challenge Questions: For Loop"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "id": "e54a1fff-4da8-48db-a941-de92c9383219",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "e54a1fff-4da8-48db-a941-de92c9383219"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Question 1:\n",
        "\n",
        "Given a nested list of integers, write a Python code using a for loop and list comprehension to flatten the nested list and then create a new list that contains only the square of each even number from the flattened list.\n",
        "\n",
        "**Expected Output**\n",
        "\n",
        "[4, 16, 36, 64, 100]\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "id": "8b430c36-fdda-48d5-94c3-ad73174d5383",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8b430c36-fdda-48d5-94c3-ad73174d5383",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "f9e350a4-11e4-47cb-b973-c75c2e5bbc1a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "[4, 16, 36, 64, 100]\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10]]\n",
        "\n",
        "# creating an empty list to store the elements (values) from nested_list\n",
        "flat_list = []\n",
        "\n",
        "# iterating over the nested_list\n",
        "for item in nested_list:\n",
        "  # checking the iterator type, if it is list, then again iterate over it\n",
        "  if type(item) == list:\n",
        "    # iterating over the list (sub-element in nested_list)\n",
        "    for sub_item in item:\n",
        "      # adding the values into the newly created list (flat_list)\n",
        "      flat_list.append(sub_item)\n",
        "  # else the iterator type is not list, but a value, then adding the value into the newly created list (flat_list)\n",
        "  else:\n",
        "    flat_list.append(sub_item)\n",
        "\n",
        "# using list comprehension iterating over all the elements in flat_list, then extracting those elements which are even, and then storing the squares of it into new list\n",
        "list_containing_square_of_even_numbers_from_flattened_list = [i**2 for i in flat_list if ((i % 2) == 0)]\n",
        "\n",
        "# printing the new list containing the square of even numbers from flat_list\n",
        "print(list_containing_square_of_even_numbers_from_flattened_list)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "id": "75bf6ef9-cbfd-4a5f-a9d3-49b2b5f426dc",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "75bf6ef9-cbfd-4a5f-a9d3-49b2b5f426dc"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Question 2:\n",
        "\n",
        "You have a list of strings where each string represents a sentence. Write a Python code using a for loop and while loop to count the number of vowels in each sentence. Store the results in a dictionary where the key is the sentence and the value is the count of vowels in that sentence.\n",
        "\n",
        "**Expected Output"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# **Using For Loop**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Dn40FtL9tIDy"
      },
      "id": "Dn40FtL9tIDy"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "sentences_list = [\"The sun rises in the east\", \"She smiled warmly\", \"The cat chased the mouse\", \"His laughter echoed through the room\", \"The coffee smelled delicious\"]\n",
        "\n",
        "# creating an empty dictionary to store the key-value pair of sentence & its vowel count\n",
        "dict_sentence_vowelCount = {}\n",
        "\n",
        "# iterating over each sentence in a list\n",
        "for sentence in sentences_list:\n",
        "  # initializing a variable to store and manage the vowel count in each sentence at every iteration\n",
        "  vowelCount = 0\n",
        "  # iterating over each character in a sentence (string)\n",
        "  for char in sentence.lower():\n",
        "    # checking if encountered character is vowel (a/e/i/o/u) or not and if it is vowel then incrementing the value of vowelCount variable by 1\n",
        "    if char in ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']:\n",
        "      vowelCount += 1\n",
        "  # adding the key-value pair of sentence-&-vowelCount into the dictionary\n",
        "  dict_sentence_vowelCount[sentence] = vowelCount\n",
        "\n",
        "# printing the dictionary containing the key-value pair of sentence-VowelCount\n",
        "print(dict_sentence_vowelCount)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "szZ5_VkuiwqZ",
        "outputId": "40df589f-7c63-40d4-adce-9b19b19e4bc8"
      },
      "id": "szZ5_VkuiwqZ",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'The sun rises in the east': 8, 'She smiled warmly': 4, 'The cat chased the mouse': 8, 'His laughter echoed through the room': 12, 'The coffee smelled delicious': 11}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# **Using While Loop**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EJ07q0FVtOOu"
      },
      "id": "EJ07q0FVtOOu"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "sentences_list = [\"The sun rises in the east\", \"She smiled warmly\", \"The cat chased the mouse\", \"His laughter echoed through the room\", \"The coffee smelled delicious\"]\n",
        "\n",
        "# creating an empty dictionary to store key-value pair of sentence & vowel count\n",
        "dictionary_sentence_vowel = {}\n",
        "\n",
        "# variable to manage the iteration so that, it doesn't throw 'OutOfIndex' error\n",
        "count_sentences = 0\n",
        "\n",
        "# performing iteration till the length (size) of list of sentences\n",
        "while count_sentences < len(sentences_list):\n",
        "  # variable to store the vowel count in each sentence at every iteration\n",
        "  count_vowel = 0\n",
        "  # variable to manage the iteration, so that, it doesn't throw 'OutOfIndex' error\n",
        "  len_sentence = 0\n",
        "  # performing iteration till end of sentence (string)\n",
        "  while len_sentence < len(sentences_list[count_sentences]):\n",
        "    # checking if encountered character (iterator) is vowel or not, and if it is then incrementing the vowel count variable by 1\n",
        "    if sentences_list[count_sentences][len_sentence] in ['a', 'A', 'e', 'E', 'i', 'I', 'o', 'O','u', 'U']:\n",
        "      count_vowel += 1\n",
        "    len_sentence += 1\n",
        "  # adding the sentence-string (key) to the dictionary with count_vowel (pair)\n",
        "  dictionary_sentence_vowel[sentences_list[count_sentences]] = count_vowel\n",
        "  count_sentences += 1\n",
        "\n",
        "# printing the dictionary containing the key-value pair of sentence & count_vowel\n",
        "print(dictionary_sentence_vowel)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "XmBRR1u2tS-_",
        "outputId": "3d5922fc-0a79-441d-8704-8e7e745704c5"
      },
      "id": "XmBRR1u2tS-_",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'The sun rises in the east': 8, 'She smiled warmly': 4, 'The cat chased the mouse': 8, 'His laughter echoed through the room': 12, 'The coffee smelled delicious': 11}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
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